| 
 7. Goodwill and intangible assets 
  
Changes in goodwill for the years ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 are as follows (in thousands): 
  
| 
   
 | 
   
 | 
 Health Services 
 | 
   
 | 
 Human Services 
 | 
   
 | 
 Total 
 | 
   
 | 
 
| 
 Balance as of September 30, 2010  
 | 
   
 | 
 $ 
 | 
 43,270 
 | 
   
 | 
 $ 
 | 
 27,981 
 | 
   
 | 
 $ 
 | 
 71,251 
 | 
   
 | 
 
| 
 Foreign currency translation  
 | 
   
 | 
 (28 
 | 
 ) 
 | 
 100 
 | 
   
 | 
 72 
 | 
   
 | 
 
| 
 Balance as of September 30, 2011 
 | 
   
 | 
 43,242 
 | 
   
 | 
 28,081 
 | 
   
 | 
 71,323 
 | 
   
 | 
 
| 
 Goodwill acquired with PSI (Note 5) 
 | 
   
 | 
 19,898 
 | 
   
 | 
 19,263 
 | 
   
 | 
 39,161 
 | 
   
 | 
 
| 
 Foreign currency translation  
 | 
   
 | 
 377 
 | 
   
 | 
 1,171 
 | 
   
 | 
 1,548 
 | 
   
 | 
 
| 
 Balance as of September 30, 2012 
 | 
   
 | 
 $ 
 | 
 63,517 
 | 
   
 | 
 $ 
 | 
 48,515 
 | 
   
 | 
 $ 
 | 
 112,032 
 | 
   
 | 
 
 
  
During the year ended September 30, 2012, the Company acquired PSI, resulting in additional goodwill of $39.2 million. 
  
There have been no impairment charges in our goodwill related to continuing operations. 
  
The following table sets forth the components of intangible assets (in thousands): 
  
| 
   
 | 
   
 | 
 As of September 30, 2012 
 | 
   
 | 
 As of September 30, 2011 
 | 
   
 | 
 
| 
   
 | 
   
 | 
 Cost 
 | 
   
 | 
 Accumulated 
Amortization 
 | 
   
 | 
 Intangible 
Assets, net 
 | 
   
 | 
 Cost 
 | 
   
 | 
 Accumulated 
Amortization 
 | 
   
 | 
 Intangible 
Assets, net 
 | 
   
 | 
 
| 
   
 | 
   
 | 
   
 | 
   
 | 
   
 | 
   
 | 
   
 | 
   
 | 
   
 | 
   
 | 
   
 | 
   
 | 
   
 | 
   
 | 
 
| 
 Technology-based intangible assets  
 | 
   
 | 
 $ 
 | 
 9,114 
 | 
   
 | 
 $ 
 | 
 4,909 
 | 
   
 | 
 $ 
 | 
 4,205 
 | 
   
 | 
 $ 
 | 
 7,146 
 | 
   
 | 
 $ 
 | 
 4,097 
 | 
   
 | 
 $ 
 | 
 3,049 
 | 
   
 | 
 
| 
 Customer relationships  
 | 
   
 | 
 20,167 
 | 
   
 | 
 3,082 
 | 
   
 | 
 17,085 
 | 
   
 | 
 3,454 
 | 
   
 | 
 1,513 
 | 
   
 | 
 1,941 
 | 
   
 | 
 
| 
 Trademarks  
 | 
   
 | 
 4,450 
 | 
   
 | 
 497 
 | 
   
 | 
 3,953 
 | 
   
 | 
 620 
 | 
   
 | 
 102 
 | 
   
 | 
 518 
 | 
   
 | 
 
| 
 Non-compete arrangements  
 | 
   
 | 
 254 
 | 
   
 | 
 167 
 | 
   
 | 
 87 
 | 
   
 | 
 242 
 | 
   
 | 
 99 
 | 
   
 | 
 143 
 | 
   
 | 
 
| 
 Total  
 | 
   
 | 
 $ 
 | 
 33,985 
 | 
   
 | 
 $ 
 | 
 8,655 
 | 
   
 | 
 $ 
 | 
 25,330 
 | 
   
 | 
 $ 
 | 
 11,462 
 | 
   
 | 
 $ 
 | 
 5,811 
 | 
   
 | 
 $ 
 | 
 5,651 
 | 
   
 | 
 
 
  
The intangible assets include $3.4 million of fully-amortized technology-based assets still in use by the Company. The Company’s intangible assets have a weighted average remaining life of 6.3 years, comprising 4.7 years for technology-based intangible assets, 7.1 years for customer contracts and relationships, 4.9 years for the trademarks and 1.3 years for non-compete arrangements. Amortization expense for the years ended September 30, 2012, 2011 and 2010 was $2.7 million, $2.2 million and $2.1 million, respectively. Future amortization expense is estimated as follows (in thousands): 
  
| 
   
 | 
   
 | 
 Future 
amortization 
expense 
 | 
   
 | 
 
| 
 Year ending September 30, 2013  
 | 
   
 | 
 $ 
 | 
 4,921 
 | 
   
 | 
 
| 
 Year ending September 30, 2014  
 | 
   
 | 
 3,816 
 | 
   
 | 
 
| 
 Year ending September 30, 2015  
 | 
   
 | 
 3,795 
 | 
   
 | 
 
| 
 Year ending September 30, 2016  
 | 
   
 | 
 3,795 
 | 
   
 | 
 
| 
 Year ending September 30, 2017  
 | 
   
 | 
 3,412 
 | 
   
 | 
 
| 
 Thereafter  
 | 
   
 | 
 5,591 
 | 
   
 | 
 
| 
 Total  
 | 
   
 | 
 $ 
 | 
 25,330 
 | 
   
 | 
 
 
 |